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The Budapest Memorandum was non-binding. It was not a Treaty, not signed by Legislatures of any nation-state party. It was signed only by heads of state, none of whom (not even from the hokey, recently formed Russian Federation) had unilaterally authority, pursuant to their own laws, to bind their nations to international agreements. The Memorandum also has wimpy language: "none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defense or otherwise in accordance with

the Charter of the United Nations." Meaningless drivel. Putin claimed "self-defense" way back in 2014 when he annexed Crimea. Hence, Memorandum nullified. Next, Senator Grahamnesty?

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